Huckleberry Finn and The Modern Classroom :: essays papers

Huckleberry Finn and The Modern Classroom Imprint Twain’s story The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a bigot, corrupt book that ought not be instructed in American High Schools. As a children’s story, Finn is an energizing story of a kid and a runaway slave riding a pontoon to opportunity. As a book to be instructed to 16-year-early English understudies, it is a novel that joins genuine supremacist issues advantageously tucked away among it’s many dispersed plots. From the earliest starting point we are cautioned â€Å"persons endeavoring to discover a plot will be shot,†(Notice) proposing that, as dissecting books is a focal subject in English study halls, Finn may not be the most ideal decision. The hero, Huckleberry Finn, is a 14-year-old white kid experiencing childhood in Missouri, who carries on with his life fleeing from his issues, deceiving everybody, taking, and utilizing everybody he runs over. He fakes his own demise convincingly, and all with the cool, prudence not similar to little fellows. â€Å"Well, next I took an old sack and put a ton of large shakes in it, - everything I could drag,- and I began it from the pig and hauled it to the entryway and through the forested areas down to the waterway and dumped it in, and down it sunk, far out. You could simple see that something had been hauled over the ground. I wished Tom Sawyer was there, I knowed he would look into this sort of business, and toss in the extravagant contacts. No one could spread himself like Tom Sawyer in such a mind-bending concept as that.†(Ch. 7) This character isn’t most likely what the young people of America should find out about. His capacity to callously mislead individuals to get what he needs, is an alarming trademark, which isn’t one that ought to be educated to susceptible understudies. He has taken the misrepresentation of his own demise and, in his mine, put it in the classification of the fanciful looters and cheats games he used to play with Tom Sawyer. Huck’s partner on his outing down the stream is Jim, an uneducated grown-up, dark slave who has fled planning to make it to a free state. The way that Huck treats Jim now and again, misleading him or disparaging him is supremacist and wrong.

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition free essay sample

Exhibitors hope to meet guests so they can work with. Coordinators need guests to visit their exhibitions’ so they can urge exhibitors to join their shows, in this manner making positive monetary returns. On the 28-31 October this year, the HKTDC will sort out a worldwide furniture reasonable at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition focus. The best organizations in this presentation will be the ones that exploit the information the occasion coordinators bring to the table, and afterward effectively impart that information to the undertaking group that will plan all the components that will be available inside the showcase stall. Different components for an effective presentation according to the exhibitor incorporate yet not restricted to the accompanying †¢Establish seriously objectives, and think of a solid and dependable system that will accomplish your objectives. †¢Put into training amazing and life-changing showcasing activities previously, during, and after the display. We will compose a custom article test on Central point for a Successful Exhibition or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Pick the best kind of show stall that meets your objectives and limited time needs just as your budgetary necessities. †¢Effectively utilize show extras, pennants, illustrations, lighting, stall structure, and materials to increase perceivability and drive deals. †¢Hand out Promotional items that supplement your organization picture. †¢Ensure those working the show are very much prepared to completely speak to your organization, create leads, and secure deals. Through the eyes of the coordinator the key elements of an effective display is the point at which all the presentation objectives have been accomplished or finished. A portion of those objectives I have recorded underneath †¢Pre-limited time methodology as meet it goals by giving enough enthusiasm for the show †¢All the apportioned floor space as been taken up by exhibitors †¢Visitors check by outperformed the normal sum †¢Feedback from exhibitors is acceptable and appointments are taken for the next year †¢Nothing sudden happens †¢When coordinators get acknowledgment for their presentation An efficient occasion will improve mindfulness, help to catch new business leads and advance client connections

Why is the management of visibility a central feature of contemporary politics

Ideological groups and their delegates are progressively applying the administration of perceivability by perception and through different methods for innovation. This is quickly turning into an unmistakable method of speaking with the general population. The media is, obviously, the essential mechanism of diverting this. A focal element of contemporary legislative issues circles around the administration of perceivability and how this affects activation of open view.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Why is the administration of perceivability a focal component of contemporary governmental issues? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In portraying these pictures to the general public, the media has a key impact. The media, fundamentally, is performing two urgent capacities; it underpins the government officials to send their message out so as to support their supporters and increase the help of overall population and besides, it permits general soci ety to react to the lawmakers by sending in their input, with the goal that legislators observe issues which they feel should be tended to (Nash and Scott). , in contemporary governmental issues, media is viewed as an invaluable resource which helps in making an imposing relationship between the legislators and the majority. Other than that, it likewise has a basic influence in organizing and introducing shape to legislative issues and shared life. In any case, paying little mind to the real capacity of the government official in demonstrating his incentive to the majority, the open connection specialists employed by these legislators center more around singular picture and methods, as opposed to on their political pith. Today, in contemporary governmental issues, in the event that you don't utilize web based life, it is close to difficult to impart and consequently, pass on your message, not to mention winning a political race. For individuals in legislative issues, the suggestions for this worldwide pattern are clear; dominance over internet based life would be the key contrast in winning or losing a political race (Sanders). In this manner, the lawmakers need to keep awake to date with regularly evolving medium. Right now, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and blogging on their particular pages are the way in to the administration of perceivability. Facebook has altered the manner in which society capacities, particularly in created states. Individuals go to Facebook like they used to go to TVs in the mid 60’s. It has become a spot where people of about all ages communicate and talk about social, political, social and financial issues. One can envision its effect, on the off chance that it is as of now being utilized by progressives in nations over the Arab world like Iran, Libya, and Bahrain and so on, to sort out mass conventions against their legislatures. In this way, as a lawmaker or an ideological group, you need to contact the individuals there and d raw in them to your plans, official webpage’s, gatherings and so forth, where they could learn more data about your battles and ambitions.Advertising Looking for exposition on political culture? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In Facebook terms, it is basically insufficient to have a Profile; you should be prevailing by being increasingly dynamic, maybe, by making a Fan-Page or remarking and reacting on more points. Additionally, Twitter is another type of new web based life, which can give ongoing data and an individual contact with politicians’ particular constituents. It causes an ordinary individual to feel ‘special’ as he feels that he is legitimately speaking with a significant or a well known individual. Little should be said about YouTube, as the last US Presidency was a lot of won through every one of these mediums, particularly through YouTube, which pulled in President Obama a following in millions over the world. It is plainly obvious that administration of perceivability is a focal component in contemporary governmental issues. It has changed the idea of legislative issues totally and given it another importance. How legislators approach a particular plan can receive enormous rewards, yet can likewise be utilized as a purposeful publicity apparatus against them. Each word, political-advertisement, proclamation would be generally found surprisingly fast and discussed, and investigated for various years to come, for what it's worth close to difficult to expel anything from the internet. In contrast to, customary print media, where stories, outrages, policy centered issues and so forth came out consistently and didn't have the choice that permitted individuals to communicate on the news itself, new types of web based life have changed that eternity. Works Cited Nash, K. furthermore, A. Scott. â€Å"The Media and Politics.† The Blackwell Companion to Politica l Sociology. London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. Section 16. Sanders, K. â€Å"Symbolic Politics: ‘All the world’s a stage’, in: Communicating Politics in the Twenty-First Century.† Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. 40-54. This exposition on Why is the administration of perceivability a focal element of contemporary governmental issues? was composed and presented by client Mariano Dudley to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Organizational Developement Free Essays

This is a significant idea in viable counseling since hen we know about our association in the association, it’s permits the advisor to find wherein level are the individuals, how might we do to improve certain things, how they use to work. It’s permits the advisor to discover an answer for certain issues. 2. We will compose a custom paper test on Authoritative Developement or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now On the off chance that individuals are keen, for what reason do they have to figure out how to learn? I don't get Argyles' meaning by that? By that Arises implies that regardless of whether individuals are extremely brilliant they have to figure out how to learn. In the content Arises said that:† They infrequently experience failure† and since they are quite often effective, they don’t realize how to deal with disappointment the day when it’s show up. This Is call â€Å"single circle learning’. He likewise clarifies that individuals don’t see that they can Improve their learning by utilize the idea call â€Å"Double circle learning†. This idea talk about how to permit us to consider how and why an individual acting. 3. What is the distinction among procedure and substance? What is your solace as a specialist taking a shot at the procedure level? On the substance level? How solid are your procedure abilities? How would you know? What are your â€Å"content† strength regions? I. E. , where might you be able to, as an expert, include content an incentive In authoritative dynamic? ) And would it be a good idea for you to? A procedure can be characterize as Sequence of related and connected strategies which, at each stage, expend at least one assets (worker, time, vitality, machines, cash) to change over sources of info (information, material, parts, and so forth ) into yields. These yields at that point fill in as contributions for the following stage until a known objective or final product Is reached. An idea can be characterized as something which must be done a reason to achieve; this Is the thing that forms the procedure. I figure I would be more grounded on the procedure level. I realize that in light of the fact that I’m the individual from a Hip Hop band that I have made, and I realize that when we have something to accomplish for instance a music to perform or to record, I know precisely what to do and what I have to state all together that different individuals from the band did what they need to do, I imagine that in regards to my examination my substance forte zone will be the promoting and the administration section 4. How could/would a fruitful change specialist apply Chain’s model to his/her work? In any case, there was many individuals this year so they couldn’t permit everyone to partake and all the people who were in temporary position like me had not the option to go to this unique day. * Egocentric issue: In one of my last entry level position I was working with a supervisor who was extremely egocentric and all when I attempt to propose him some news things he was changing my suggestion with one of him and state to me it was on the grounds that he has more understanding than me. Step by step instructions to refer to Organizational Developement, Papers

The Existence Of Hope Joy Luck Club English Literature Essay free essay sample

What will the universe semen to when everybody abandons trust? The universe is brimming with despondency, yet what inspires us to go ahead is trust. Expectation is a significant subject that comes to play in today s society. People groups as often as possible run into quotes about existence, for example, unrecorded today consequences be damned or dream as though you ll populate everlastingly, live as though you ll perish today and there are a lot more ; anyway to state, they all originate from the idea of expectation. Without trust, homo would nt attempt to be better and to improve, for trust moves them to make their best and be their best to make their end. This subject is other than depicted in the characters from the new Joy Luck Club composed by Amy Tan. The female guardians and young ladies in this book face numerous agonizing obstacles that cause them to lose their simpleness ; some surrendered trust, while the others had the option to get insight from their experience and util ization trust as a way to populate an increasingly positive life. We will compose a custom paper test on The Existence Of Hope Joy Luck Club English Literature Essay or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All things considered, trust does non vouch supreme accomplishments ; on the other hand it goes about as a channel to happen the inside quality inside oneself. Oscar Romero one time stated, Hope is non give up ; it is a committedness to proceed to battle. ; which clarifies A mei female parent s perish. Since the develops of expectation implies that one can happen the inside solidarity to proceed to populate in an unsavory or miserable situation ; surrendering trust implies surrendering to 1 s ain destiny/disappointment. A mei s female parent plainly did non set up her life on the builds of expectation. Al however A Mei s female parent carried on with an unfortunate life, she neer put forth the attempt to assume responsibility for her life. Like Romero s quote, A mei s female parent did non constrain to go on with the battle to patch from it. On the other hand, she centers around the negative things that occurred in her days of old, for example, being assaulted by Wu-Tsing and made her his prostitute, being tormented by the second hitched lady and populating a disservice life ( non holding the part of the house on the coastline or any respec t in the family unit ) . Every one of these things added to her loss of simpleness, yet rather doing great utilization out of the exercises she had encountered, she decided to secure back at Wu-Tsing for her enduring life by eating up opium to stop her life [ .. ] She would rather murder her ain powerless soul so she could give me a more grounded one ( 240 ) . A mei s female parent accepts this is her solitary arrangement and by making this, she ll have the option to become familiar with her young lady to be more grounded and more joyful than she will ever be and that Wu-Tsing will populate a real existence loaded with blame. This is the result of loss of expectation, where an individual makes an enduring answer for a fleeting activity since Wu-Tsing was non liable of his wrong practices, on the other hand he is just terrified of her soul going after him. With respect to A mei ; she was non cheerful in light of the fact that her female parent s perish brought her an increasingly dec ent life, on the other hand her female parent s terrible life and expire non simply took her guilelessness off yet have other than instructed her to hold trust rather than being miserable like her female parent. Rose Hsu Jordan, the young lady of A Mei Hsu. Al however her relationship position is extremely like her grandmother s ( A Mei s female parent ) , she truly discovered her inside quality towards the terminal. Rose is hitched to Ted Jordan, who assumes whole responsibility for her. Yet, when his occupation fizzled, he made Rose take up all the obligations ; cognizing that Rose can non make up ones psyche for herself, since she s been so needy for such a large number of mature ages and the way that she reprimands herself for her sibling s perish made her considerably increasingly shaky while doing conclusions. At the point when Ted mentioned a separation, Rose s life began to change. Being so reliant, giving to Ted entirely along, Rose s life muddles separated. It was non until thusly, that she understands that she does non require Ted to have the option to last. We realize that Rose experiences passionate expressions after her separation with Ted When something that vicious his you, y ou ca nt help yet lose your equalization and fall. Furthermore, after you get yourself, you understand you ca nt swear anyone to rescue you-non your hubby, non your female parent, non God. [ aë†â ¦ ] ( 121 ) , however the way that Rose had the option to get herself and go up against her activity in the wake of sing the disdain of her separation and losing her simpleness, shows that she is in any event following the develops of expectation, where she is executing to go on with the fight rather than slaughtering herself like her grandmother. As should be obvious, trust is the establishment to build one s life upon. Al however standing up to numerous impediments, A Mei and her young lady Rose had the option to last the pitiful occasions that occurred in their lives, though A Mei s female parent did non. They had the option to see the build of losing naiveté, however non trust , discovered their inside solidarity to go up against their fights, gained from it and populate an increasingly positive life.

The InterviewPart 3

The Interview…Part 3 This time of year, Educational Counselors all over the world are taking your calls, receiving your emails, setting up interviews and writing reports about their meetings with you. For some of you, an interview may not be something new, but for others the meeting with your Educational Counselor (EC) may be the first interview you’ve ever had. Some of you may still be trying to figure out who your EC is so lets talk a bit about the mechanics of how this all works. The best way to find out the name and contact information for your EC is to log in to your my.mit.edu account. There you will see the name of your EC and the best means to contact them (usually via email or telephone). Each year we match up prospective applicants to the ECs in their area. Some ECs interview for just one school so you and several of your friends may get the same EC while in really large schools, more than one EC may be assigned. But most ECs are assigned to you simply because they are the closest one to where you live. We want to make this as easy as possible although in some cases the EC may be some distance away. In a case like this it’s great if you are able to still set up a meeting, perhaps by each agreeing to drive a distance and meeting somewhere in the middle. Once you know who your EC is, get in touch with them via email or by phone. If you email them include a subject field in the email that says something like “Request for MIT Interview” That will help ECs find your request if it should end up in their spam folder. If you’re calling them and leave a message, give your full name and phone number if you are asking them to call you back. Try to speak slowly and clearly. If you talk too fast they won’t get the whole number and won’t be able to return your call. One year when I was interviewing students I had two people on my list with the same first and last name and when the first one didn’t leave his phone number I had no idea who I should call back. It was quite a comical at the time but still frustrating. When you contact your EC give them a little time to get back to youa couple of days at least before you begin to worry. They are busy too so may not be able to respond right away. After a couple of days, it’s fine to contact them again. It you don’t hear back after the second call, consider contacting the EC office at [emailprotected] and we’ll see what we can do to help you get in contact with them. Don’t be afraid to ask for help but do give them a little time to respond. It’s not necessary for you to have completed your application before you contact your EC. Waiting until you have may mean that the EC doesn’t have time to interview you before the deadline so please don’t wait. They are able to see if you have submitted portions of your application on the EC website during this process but they are NOT ever able to see your actual application. They only things they know about you when they meet you is your name and your school. If you have a particular question about the application I know they would be happy to offer advice but do not feel that you need to share it with them. Your application does not provide the basis for your interview, you and your interests do. For those of you who are applying for Early Action, keep in mind that your deadline to contact your interviewer (and preferably have had your interview:-) is October 20. You and your EC both have a deadline of November 1 to submit materials to us so if you haven’t yet contacted your EC about an interview I suggest you do it right away!

Research Marketing Plan for a New Aviation Organization - 2750 Words

Research Marketing Plan for a New Aviation Organization (Research Paper Sample) Content: Marketing Plan for a New Aviation OrganizationStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Course:Lecturer:Institution:Marketing Plan for Eagle Aviation CompanyIntroductionEvery business needs a well-documented marketing plan in order to survive profitably in the competitive business environment. It is defined as a document that has been written with a view of describing the niche the business intends to take, the strategy the management intends to use in order to achieve success in the market and it usually includes a timeline in which the objectives need to be met (BusinessDictionary.com, 2015). The management works along it when the business starts running, therefore, it kind of serves to give direction to an organization. A good marketing plan is usually comprehensive showing the specific product or service the business has in mind, the market the company intends to operate in and the activities or the operations the company wants to put in place in order to meet the needs of the ma rket. It also has an inclusion of the projected or sometimes referred to as proforma financial statements, budgets, strategies and the sales forecasts for the company. Some managers usually prefer to incorporate the marketing plans under the business plan of the entire project. The aerospace industry is one complex one with high competitions and the company usually runs the risk of making massive losses if a proper forecast on the customer availability was not made. This is the reason why almost all aviation companies engage in an intensive designing of a comprehensive marketing plan before plunging in business. This essay outlines a comprehensive marketing business plan for Eagle Aviation Company.Executive SummaryEagle Aviation Company (Sometimes it shall be simply referred to as EAC in the essay) hopes to become the number one option for all individuals who wish to train as pilots in the United States of America and eventually all over the world. The company hopes to offer better training by using aircrafts which have been well maintained. Moreover, it shall also give individuals a chance to rent the aircrafts for their personal use or personalized training. In order to enhance quality and ensure that the students get a true touch of what it takes to fly, the company shall only engage in provision of updated facilities needed for teaching. The instructors during the training sessions shall be individuals with a rich aviation background and independent flight trainers. The aviation industry faces a number of problems. EAC shall help solve this problem by having professionals who shall offer consultation and help in provision of corporate solutions to the identified needs in the aviation industry.SERVICES THAT SHALL BE OFFEREDEagle Aviation Company shall engage in provision of a number of services in the aviation industry. The core services the organization shall offer are aircraft rental, consultation on aviation matters and flight instruction. EAC shall ensu re most of the books needed for the flight instruction sessions are available and it shall allow students to carry them home for their homework assignments. This is to ensure quality training is offered and all clients have been satisfied. Training shall be made to all individuals regardless of their age but only sixteen year olds and above shall be given the chance to fly the crafts themselves; going solo. The aircrafts the Company intends to use in provision of these services are Citation SII, Reims Cessna F337 and a Cessna S550 among others that will be purchased depending on the level of demand of the services. These proposed aircrafts have been designed well and they are usually operated using updated electronics, aviation and informational technologies.The competitive advantage of EAC shall be that since it is a small company in its initial stages, it shall provide personalized services to the clients and this shall automatically attract more customers. Most organizations in t he current market are huge and a number of clients are usually not satisfied with the generalized training offered. EAC hopes to solve this solution. Focus on personalized service shall be maintained even when the organization as it strives to bring a change in the aviation industry and ensuring that their provide quality services to individuals. The use of updated technology shall also be a plus for the organization as it shall boast of being the most updated Aviation Company in the industry. The management hopes to utilize this in ensuring rapid growth of the organization through profitable operations.In the aviation industry, safety is always a top priority to a number of clients (Williams, 2010). EAC hopes to take this as another competitive advantage that shall enable it sail through to the top in the industry. The company shall aim on ensuring that the safety of all the students. This shall be through printing of all the necessary instructions and precautions legibly and in places that can be easily accessed by everyone. A number of copies shall be made and distributed to the students so that they can properly memorize them. The company shall also have a number of staff who shall be everywhere on the ground to help the disabled and in providing guidance to the students whenever the students have a problem. It has been established that most accidents happen during the landing and the climbing phase of the flight (AirSafe.com, 2015). The instructors have planned extensive lessons on this and extra caution to be exercised. EAC aims at zero injuries during training. In order for this to be achieved, students shall also be advised to act responsibly. Proper maintenance of safety and security of the students shall give the company an edge over its competitors.Future GoalThe company forecasts that after a period of about two years of operation, it shall have established a niche in the market. The demand shall therefore have grown considerably and the current number of aircrafts available shall not suffice proper provision of quality and personalized services to its clients. Therefore, the future goal is to increase the number of aircrafts available for commercial and rental use. The management projects that the acquisition of the extra planes shall boost their profits higher when that time comes.The MarketCalifornia aviation industry has recently witnessed closure of two major players, California Aviation Training School and Elite Flying School of Aviators. This is positive for the company as a large gap has been left and consequently the demand for flight has considerably increased. The location of Eagle Flying Company in the heart of the California State remains the best option for the dwellers of this state that do not prefer to travel to other states in search of pilot training services. Research about the market has also shown that most customers are disgruntled with the way the training services are being provided by the other exi sting players. EAC sees an opportunity here by coming up with quality and up to date services. Prior research about this intended market has also revealed that the customers complain of the current charges are punitive (Wise, Hopkin Garland, 2010). This factor could be attributed to the obsolete equipment that is used by the current players. EAC hopes to help reduce the charges by ensuring that its operations are cost effective hence ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s easier to charge lower amounts compared to the competitors.The SWOT AnalysisEagle Aviation Company is an organization reach in hardworking and committed employees. The interaction between everyone is cordial as seen during their training. This presents a good work environment that helps in reduction of a high turnover. The company shall use this strength in ensuring everyone is united and focused on the mission of putting the company to greater height in the aviation industry. The top management is also led by an experienced person who h as been in the pilot training schools for over fifteen years. It incorporates young blood that shall also help in bringing the dynamism that is required for the current times. The company is also in its start phase; therefore, it bears a positive public image. It has not negative history that can scare away the students. The company shall utilize this in its advertisements in order to attract more students and clients for their services. EAC has a strong financial support from a number of investors who have trusted the management with their funds. This makes it easy for taking up decisions and having expensive advertisements and other promotion activities that serve to attract clients to the organization. The final strength the company has is a strong market research department. The department has a grasp of information on the ground and other essential one that shall help in ensuring the company maneuvers successfully in the industry.Despite putting up every measure, the company an ticipates some weaknesses too. It forecasts losses, which could be huge, during the initial stages. It could be attributed to costly measures of ensuring everything is in place; the training facilities, instructors and fuelling of the aircrafts. A Low turn up is expected at the beginning and this shall lead to underutilization of facilities thus generating losses to the company (Williams, 2010). The marketing team hopes to counter this by carrying up massive campaign to ensure they attract as many clients as possible. The management to plan the training schedule depending on the number of students available, this shall enable them to rent the crafts during the moments they are not in use.EAC shall continually expand to widen in the market opportunities in the industry. Since fuel is expensive and might reduce the profits, the company aims at the acquisition of aircrafts that are cost effective by saving fuel. This shall be a good opp...

Incebreakers Talk Show Games for New Introductions

Groups of people who dont know each other come together all the time for meetings, seminars, workshops, study groups, projects, and all sorts of other group activities. Icebreaker games are perfect for these situations because the break the ice and help all of the people in the group get to know each others a little bit better. This can be especially valuable for groups who will be working together for more than just a few hours. There are plenty of ways for people to get to know each others names—weve all been to an event where we were asked to wear name tags—but group icebreaker games are usually more involved. The goal of an icebreaker game is to keep introductions fun and light and help to avoid the awkwardness that inevitably occurs when you put a group of strangers in a room together.   Talk Show Games Were going to explore a couple of talk show games that can be used as icebreakers for small  or large groups of strangers or for people who might work together but dont know each other well. These games are for basic introductions. If you want icebreaker games that help group members work together, you should explore teamwork icebreaker games. Talk Show Icebreaker Game 1 For this talk show  icebreaker game, you will want to start by splitting your group into pairs.   Ask each person to find a semi-private spot and interview their partner. One person should assume the role of a talk show host, while the other person should assume the role of the talk show guest. The talk show host should ask the talk show guest questions with the goal of finding out two interesting facts about the guest. Then, the partners should switch roles and repeat the activity. After a few minutes and a lot of chatting, you can ask everyone to gather into a large group once more. Once everyone is is together, each person can briefly present the two interesting facts that they learned about their partner to the rest of the group. This will allow everyone the chance to get to know each other better.   Talk Show Icebreaker Game 2 If you dont have time to split a group into partnerships, you can still play the talk show game. All you have to do is make a few alterations to the rules. For example, you could choose one volunteer to act as the talk show host and interview one person at a time in front of the whole group. This eliminates the need for partnerships and the sharing portion of the game. You could also shorten the game even further by limiting the volunteer to a single question. This way, each talk show guest is only being asked one question instead of multiple questions.

Mental Disorder, Depression - 732 Words

Depression, a mental disorder in which sadness, dejection, and anger last for a prolonged period of time, affects an estimated 350 million people around the world (WHO, 2012). In the United States, clinical depression, the leading mental illness, is diagnosed in one out of every ten adults and continues to be a growing health concern, especially among teenagers (Hettema, 2010). Though frequently perceived as acquired through environmental stress, the onset of depression, suggested by recent studies, is often facilitated by genetic factors. The genetic basis of depression was ï ¬ rst assessed in the early 1990s. In one study, researchers surveyed incidences of depression among identical and fraternal twins, respectively sharing 100% and 50% of genetic make-up, hypothesizing that the former would display higher resemblance for the condition of depression if the disorder is hereditary. Indeed, collected data showed that both identical twins had experienced depression in 67% of observed cases, while the same condition occurred among 19% of fraternal twins (Hettema, 2010). The conclusion follows that genes are indeed part of the cause as the heritability of depression was projected to be 37-50%. Soon after, a systematic meta-analysis of surveys found individuals biologically related to depression patients to be three times as likely to develop the condition as those without a family history of the disorder (Sullivan, 2000). In the past decade, molecular studies mapping the loci ofShow MoreRelatedDepression Is A Mental Disorder2038 Words   |  9 Pages Depression is a mental disorder that affects many people around the world, and is predominantly increasing within students at the colligate level. In fact, according to the National Institute of Mental Health, 11 percent of adolescents are diagnosed as depressed by the age of 18. There is no definite etiology on the causes of the depressive disorder, but there are numerous factors that come i nto play when deciding when a person is suffering from depression. Many researchers, doctors, andRead MorePostpartum Depression And The Mental Disorder1800 Words   |  8 Pagesnarrator’s condition, it is essential to fully understand who she is, what her context is, and the mental disorder she is suffering from. Through her secret diary, we learn about the narrator’s experiences as a newlywed suffering from Postpartum Depression and the unhelpful advice of her husband John, who doubles as her doctor. The mental disorder the narrator is dealing with is called Postpartum Depression; a mental illness affecting 1 in 7 women in the United States alone, causing symptoms such as anxietyRead MoreDepression Is A Serious Mental Disorder2254 Words   |  10 Pagesconstant slump. People with depression aren t able to rebound, sort of like how if you pull a spring far apart enough, it won’t go back into its original shape. This is what physicians call depression. You may even know or have known people that are or were suffering from this horrible psychological disease. (MHI) Researchers and doctors may have various treatments and techniques to help cure patients with depression. However, not enough is being done to prevent and treat depression in individuals, andRead MoreDepression : Causes And Consequences Of Mental Disorders989 Words   |  4 Pagesconsistently found as an association with mental disorders (Poongothai et al., 2009; Shaji et al., 1995). Patients with major depressive disorder also suffer from many co-morbidities (Kessler et al., 2010). The resultant high health expenditures cause low financial status (due to high health expenditure) (Stoudemire, Frank, Hedemark, Kamlet, Blazer, 1986). Low income is both a consequence and a cause (Sareen, Afifi, McMillan, Asmundson, 2011) of mental disorders. In the Chennai Urban Rural EpidemiologicalRead MoreDepression Is A Highly Prevalent Mental Disorder With Estimates1690 Words   |  7 Pag esDepression is a highly prevalent mental disorder with estimates indicating that it affects up to 6.7 percent of the United States population age eighteen and older in a given year for Major Depression and 1.5 percent for Persistent Depressive Disorder. The prevalence of mental disorders is the greatest among those who are ages 16 to 24 years of age (ADAA, 2016). The prevalence of youth with mood disorders is 11%, with nearly 50% of youth aged 8 to 15 did not receive mental health services in theRead MoreDepression : The Most Common Type Of Mental Disorder1126 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review Depression Depression is common among women who suffered from emotional and psychological abuse in relationships (Kim Kahng, 2011). It is characterized by depressed mood, loss of interest, appetite and low energy, feelings of guilt or disturbed sleep† (Kim Kahng, 2011). There is an alarming high prevalence of intimate partner violence in many families; however, the adverse effect of the abuse on its victims is more troubling (Kim Kahng, 2011). Depression is the most commonRead MoreDepression : A Common Mental Disorder1195 Words   |  5 PagesDepression. What is it? How are people with depression treated by others? Depression is defined as a serious medical condition in which a person feels very sad, hopeless, unimportant, and often is unable to live in a normal way. (Depression. 6) Think about anytime you or someone you know who has ever felt really sad or just down in the dumps. But in most instances, you or this person usually cheer up right? Many people suffer from different kin ds of depression, most seeking help. When it comes toRead MorePsychotic Depression : A Common Mental Disorder Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Psychotic depression is a common mental disorder in the United Kingdom today. Using the case of a 25-year old patient, this paper discusses several aspects of psychotic depression; the psychological and physical risks to which a psychotic depression patient is exposed and the most beneficial nursing care and interventions for the patient. To expansively discuss these aspects of psychotic depression, the essay will cover the physical and psychological risk assessment strategy for theRead MoreDepression : A Serious Mental Health Disorder1504 Words   |  7 PagesDepression Depression is a word that people use too loosely. People all the time will say they are depressed but are they really? Of course everyone has their bad days where they feel that nothing is going right, and they feel sad or down. But normally these feelings will go away after a day or two when you cope with it right or events change for the better. Those types of feelings are temporary for a person but whereas a depressed person feels hopeless everyday no matter what happens good or badRead MorePostpartum Depression : A Mental Health Disorder1414 Words   |  6 Pages Postpartum depression, or PPD, is a mental health disorder that occurs in women prior to the birth of a newborn infant. PPD is caused by a dramatic shift in hormones occurring anywhere from a month to a year after childbirth. Because of the hormonal changes, women may feel that pregnancy is a time of happiness, fear, excitement, exhaustion, and even sadness. Expecting mothers may also feel a multitude of emotions after delivery as well. Postpartum depression in new mothers is a debilitating illness

The Great Depression And The Dust Bowl - 1197 Words

The New Deal In the year following the Roaring 20s, the United States had a major economic crisis along with the Dust Bowl that affected many of the american people, but if Franklin D. Roosevelt had not saved the economy with the New Deal, the economy would have never truly recovered. The Great Depression and The Dust Bowl The Great Depression was the longest economic recession in the history of the United States. The recession started in the summer of 1929 when stock prices began to rise and also when there was a maldistribution of wealth. Consumers were receiving too little money to spend to keep up with the pace of the growing markets. There were also many other issues that also contributed to the Great Depression, there was a lack of diversification because many people over invested in automobiles and construction. On the 29th of October the stock market crashed which became to be known as ‘Black Tuesday’. On this day 16 million shares were traded after a wave of panic swept Wall Street. All of the investors that had bought stocks with borrowed money were wiped out completely. After this catastrophic day there was a massive downturn in factories and business. Many employers started firing off their employees, those that were lucky enough to stick with their jobs were getting really low wages. Many americans started buying stuff on credit, they later fell into debt. This Depression caused unemployment to rise to 25% by 1933. The Great Depression was not the only thingShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression And Dust Bowl1165 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression/Dust Bowl The ‘Dirty Thirties’ is perhaps one of the most known time periods in American History. During the 1930s, the worst and longest drought occurred in the United States, this was also know as the Dust Bowl. According to Christopher Klein, the Dust Bowl is considered both a man-made and natural disaster. In fact, many events contributed to the Dust Bowl such as poor farming techniques, a severe drought, and economic depression. One of the main causes of the Dust BowlRead MoreThe Great Depression : The Dust Bowl984 Words   |  4 Pages The Great Depression was a horrible time in American history, with as much as one-fourth of the population out of work. One of the hardest hit areas of the population was the agricultural center of the United States in the area that would come to be known as the Dust Bowl. The problems that the people of the Dust Bowl dealt with however were not a result of the Depression as a whole but instead were the result of a combination of bad farming decisions and a horrible drought. Even though the timingRead MoreThe Great Depression And Dust Bowl2250 Words   |  9 Pagessome of the best times in history. However, later in the decade, devastation came in the form of the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. These two factors left a sour taste in the mouthes of Americans as they moved into the thirties. The drastic difference between the economic high and low of the 1920s are due to a combination of the economic boom at the beginning of the decade and the Great Depression at the end, with numerous factors in between these two bookend events. During the best of the decadeRead MoreThe Dust Bowl Effect On The Great Depression1032 Words   |  5 PagesThe Dust Bowl’s Effect on the Great Depression The Grapes of Wrath, by John Steinbeck, pays homage to the critical impact the Great Depression had on dust bowl farmers. The growing demand for wheat products forced farmers to overgraze their property. This reduced the overall usefulness and biodiversity of the land, and attributed to the desertification of their establishments. With this, the once lush fields turned to dust, which blew away with the commencement of the severe drought in the earlyRead MoreThe Dust Bowl And The Great Depression By Margaret Larason1599 Words   |  7 Pages The Dust Bowl and the Great Depression were catastrophic events that occurred in the mid-1930s and affected the Great Plains. One place in particular that suffered was the Oklahoma panhandle. The dust storms were so bad that farmers could not make a living, and the land was almost un-inhabitable. This drove many families to leave the panhandle and flee to places like California. Margaret Larason is a woman who was born in the pan handle before the Dust Bowl and Great Depression, and she even livedRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1190 Words   |  5 Pageswith selling over 428,900 copies. Steinbeck, who lived through both the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, sought to bring attention to how families of Oklahoma outdid these disasters. Steinbeck focuses on families of Oklahoma, including the Joads family, who reside on a farm. The Joad family is tested with hardship when life for them on their farm takes a corrupt turn. Steinbeck symbolizes the Great Depression and Du st Bowl, as the monster, by focusing on bringing attention to how the families inRead MoreDust Bowl of the 1930s911 Words   |  4 PagesThe Dust Bowl of the 1930’s had such an antagonistic effect on the United States economy that was already plummeting. The Dust Bowl affected the U.S economy in just about every way possible ranging from agriculture to finances including government expenses to population changes. This phenomena can be considered as one of the worst natural disasters that has affected the United States. The â€Å"Dust Bowl† was the name given to the Great Plains region that was greatly affected by drought in the 1930’sRead MoreFarming During The Great Depression1210 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 Farming During the Great Depression There were many factors that caused the Great Depression. But one of the main causes of the Great Depression was the farming conditions. Before the Great Depression life was great! The American life was starting to get better and better. But In the early 1930 s soil was reduced to dust and eroded, because of drought and improper farming practice. This period of long, stressful farming conditions was known as the Dust Bowl. It led to the increased numberRead MoreThe Struggle Of The 1920s1322 Words   |  6 PagesWhat the Great Depression Did to America During the decades of the 1920s and 1930s, the United States underwent a series of changes that had a drastic effect on people across the nation. As the economy began to slow to a halt, millions of people were left broke and without jobs. As the country’s farmers were paralyzed with debt, food prices increased radically (McElvaine). During the mid-1930s, a series of droughts coupled with poor agricultural methods led to years of soil erosion and dust stormsRead MorePresident Hoover s Impact On The Great Depression910 Words   |  4 PagesDuring 1929, The Great Depression changed the shape of America and how many people would struggle during this time. The Great Depression had many issues happen that hurt many people and their jobs. President Hoover had a major impact during this time. The Great Depression started after the Stock Market Crash of 1929. The economy during this time was in a world of hurt and people in the economy were going through a rough time. Many farmers dur ing this time lost money to pay for their jobs and could

Radical Inclusion And Gonzalez Of The Bible - 1649 Words

RADICAL INCLUSION AND GONZALEZ â€Å"Jesus is divine and human, and his divinity and humanity are so united that it is impossible to separate them†. Jesus has two natures, God and Man. There is a divine nature and a human nature. He was God before He was born in the flesh and after His human birth he continued to be God. He did things on earth that no one else could do. All the healings and miracles he performed no one had ever seen done before. I think that’s where he then claims divinity and became equal with God, which I think led to his death and him being labeled a heretic. The New Testament seems to believe that Jesus was a human but without sin. Most of the stories in the Bible are when Jesus was human. He was born of a woman and†¦show more content†¦Sin is a transgression of the law, going against God. Sin is an action as well as a condition, a way of being. One cannot condemn another in regards to sin, we all sin. Let anyone among you who is without sin be the first to cast a stone at her, John 8:7. One form of transgression is how LGBTQ people are treated because of who they love. Another being how the government is treating immigrants today. I don’t believe that one sin is any bigger or worse than the other. As for sin being inherited I would tend to think it is. We are born of parents we didn’t choose. My mother for example was a heroin addict, which in turn equaled me being born into sin as I was addicted at birth. So I would have to say yes I was born into sin, inherited from my mother. There is also personal sin. These are committed every day from little white lies, to coveting something our neighbor has to murder. The thing about having a relationship with God is we can be forgiven. We are supposedly freed from hell and the penalty of death but we also should be able to resist the temptation to sin because the Holy Spirit resides in us. God was crucified for our sins and by faith we have been redeemed. We don’t need to die again. Growing up in the Church of God in Christ, I learned that I was to always be concerned about my own personal salvation. Meaning to me at that time that I needed to make sure that I did what it took toShow MoreRelatedPauls Contribution to Christianity1449 Words   |  6 Pagesas Barnabas, John Mark and Silas. For these believers, mission was simply a way of life. As one of these missionaries, Paul spread the gospel throughout Israel, Greece, Italy, and Turkey, much of the Mediterranean and even, some claim, to Spain [Gonzà ¡lez 1984]. Christianity’s prevalence in Europe is probably due to Paul’s journeys. While missionaries were common in Paul’s time, writing letters to churches was rare. Paul is remembered most as the writer of many epistles, which contributed to theRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 PagesTheology† Sang Hyun Lee 444-455 (11 pp.) Week 8:B JONATHAN EDWARDS â€Å"The Trinity and the Bible† in The Supreme Harmony of All by Amy Plantinga Pauw 19-55 (36 pp.) Week 8:C JONATHAN EDWARDS â€Å"Discourse on the Trinity† by Jonathan Edwards in Writings on the Trinity, Grace, and Faith Ed. by Sang Hyun Lee 113-144 (31 pp.) Week 9:A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES – Latin America The Trinity: Global Perspectives Maà ±ana, Justo L. Gonzalez 267-275 (8 pp.) 292-304 (6 pp.) 101-116 (15 pp.) Week 9:B GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES –Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesbehavior of people at work. In addition, you’ll gain insights into specific people skills that you workforce diversity The concept that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of other diverse groups. Source: ITAR - TASS / Anton Tushin / Newscom The Ritz Carlton Hotel Company is recognized worldwide as the gold standard of the hospitality industry. Its motto—â€Å"We are ladies and gentlemen serving ladies and gentlemen†Ã¢â‚¬â€is

Math Mathematics and Favorite Subject Free Essays

I know very well what my weak point is. I am not a writing women; I am in love with numbers. Mathematic is my favorite subject since I began to study. We will write a custom essay sample on Math: Mathematics and Favorite Subject or any similar topic only for you Order Now My mother is an accountant, and my father is a civil engineer. The first thing that I teach me was to count 1 to 10 with only one year and half. Math is my favorite subject, for three reasons, this subject-matter pushes me to think carefully, be organize when solving math exercises, and the most important numbers are easy to me. For these reasons I enjoy every single day in my job. First of all, it helps me in my life because I learn to think and concentrate clearly. When I have a Math problem, I read it and try to think in a easy solution. This helps me understand the situation. When I have all the data, I write the formula. I always try not over thinking it, because this can affect the result. My mother told me that math is like a puzzle, like a game. Second, I am extremely organized with numbers. I always follow all the rules and keep the solutions steps by step in my records. The result need to be clean, which means that anyone can understand the result without my presence. By the time that I have the solution, I feel free and comfortable. I can only hear in my head, I win, I win!!! The third and final reason is that numbers are easy for me. Equations, problems, geometry, addition, multiplication and rest are fun to me. I see this subject as hobby not as a class. Numbers are infinite; they are like the stars in the sky. Galileo Galilei said that, â€Å"The great book of nature is written in mathematical symbols†. In conclusion, Math was my life in Kinder Garden, Elementary School, Middle School, and High School, will be the same for the rest of my life. This class showed me how to put my brain to work. I learned how to work and study at the same time like a game. Numbers are easy and bring me happiness every day since I was a little girl. Thanks to my mother, father and teachers who always supported in this subject, I am a good mathematician today. How to cite Math: Mathematics and Favorite Subject, Papers

Herman Melville Essay Example For Students

Herman Melville Essay Herman Melville was moved so much by the Civil War that he wrote a volume of sensitive poetry that treated happenings of the war in a quiet, mournful tone. A Requiem was the name of his poem about the Battle of Shiloh, since it was written to honor all of the soldiers that died there. Fought in western Tennessee in April 1862, the battle was one of the bloodiest events of the American Civil War. With at least 10,000 deaths of soldiers from each side, Shiloh was a very decisive event. It proved that war would be a long and bitter struggle despite all of the cheering, flag waving, and brave rhetoric of the previous spring. Just as the revolution before it, the Civil War absorbed the creative energies of the nation. Notable songs, speeches, journals, letters, and memoirs appeared. Many writers became involved with the Civil War, and the leaders of both sides produced some of the most important wartime literature. Walt Whitman, a poet, was a towering literary figure that emerged during the wartime era. There was no public opposition of slavery until the Civil War. Thomas Jeffersons first draft of the Declaration of Independence described the trading of slaves as a cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty. This quote did not, however, make way into the final document. In a place where slavery was once profitable, the North, slavery had now disappeared. However, in the South slavery became the foundation of the plantation system. With the help of the Compromise of 1850 and the Missouri Compromise in 1820, confrontations were held off between slave states and free states for many years. There were few things that could be done to end the controversy. The South could secede from the Union, which they often threatened, or freedom of slaves, which many in the North demanded. In the 1850s, the North and South entered on a collision course. There was a big question that had been raised. Would the new territories in the West enter the Union as free states or as slave states? Walt Whitman saw this conflict as on between the passions and paradoxes rather than a struggle between two distinct and separate peoples within the United States. It was clear that the North and South had developed on different lines. In the North, the phrase was commerce is king rather than the Souths motto cotton is king. The Industrial Revolution and low priced transportation had helped turn the towns and cities of the North into centers of bustling activity. There were many topics of interest and concern, such as: education, banking, science, and reform movements. Immigration was also changing the face of the North. Large groups of Irish and Germans, among others, were seeking a new life in the United States. Most of these newcomers would settle in the northern states after landing at seaports between Boston and Baltimore. The South, however, was a different place. It was a slower-paced region full of plantations and small farms. Although there were cities, it was defined by its cotton plantations. Rice, sugar, and tobacco were other important crops. Technological progress had little effect on the South, with its hotly debated social issues and problems. One issue that made a large impression was slavery. The South believed that the need the peculiar institution of slavery in order to prosper. Statesmen might make tactical compromises on such matters as free states or slave states being carved from the new territories, but there could be no compromise on slaverys legality. The northerners on the other side of the issue were just as adamant. William Lloyd Garrison published The Liberator, which was an abolitionist weekly. It demanded the immediate, uncompensated freedom for all slaves. .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .postImageUrl , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:hover , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:visited , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:active { border:0!important; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:active , .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824 .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc95c8823d927602b4311ac49f87af824:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Where the Heart is EssayHis first issue proclaimed: I am in earnest-I will not equivocate-I will not excuse-I will not retreat a single inch-and I will be heard. There were few people in the antislavery movement that were as extreme as Garrison. Their basic goal was unacceptable to most southerners. In 1860, the controversy between the North and the South came to a head. That was the year that Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in a bitter four-way race. Lincoln was once quoted as saying, If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. The nation paradoxes and passions that Whitman observed could no longer be contained by compromise.

Triumphs of Experience

In order to guarantee the conceptual soundness of the would-be undertaken longitudinal study of the selected cohort of UCLA students (concerned with identifying/measuring the ‘factors of happiness’, throughout their lives), its theoretical premise must be consistent with the currently predominant socio-cultural discourse. Moreover, it must also be observant of what account for the driving forces behind the process of this discourse attaining ever more of the previously unheard-of qualitative characteristics.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Triumphs of Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The validity of this suggestion can be illustrated, in regards to Vaillant’s observation that: â€Å"Societies are forever changing† (10). In its turn, this presupposes the continual alteration of the manner, in which people perceive the significance of such vaguely defined terms as ‘happin ess’. Probably the primary discursive aspect of the discourse of post-modernity, which now encompasses the realities of a modern living in America, has to do with the fact that, unlike what it used to be the case even a few decades ago, the deployment of the positivist approach towards conceptualizing the notion of ‘society’ can no longer be considered thoroughly appropriate. The reason for this is apparent – in light of recent discoveries in the fields of sociology, biology and cybernetics, the overall quality of a particular human society is not merely summative of the qualities of its integral parts – it is something that creates the discursive realm of its own. As Uphoff and Krishna pointed out: â€Å"It (the notion of society) refers not to a single, homo ­geneous thing which can be larger or smaller, stronger or weaker, but rather to networks of relationships between state institutions and the citizens within a society who are subject to st ate authority as well as among those citizens† (358). What it means is that, contrary to what the commissioners of the original Grant Study used to assume, the measure of the society members’ happiness is not something innately ego-centric/individualistic, which implies that it cannot be discussed in terms of a ‘thing in itself’. One of the major findings of the mentioned Study indirectly confirms the full soundness of such our point of view, in this respect: â€Å"Warm, intimate relationships are the most important contributing factor in the establishment of a good life† (Vaillant 37). After all, this particular finding indicates that it is specifically one’s ability to choose in favor of the socially integrated lifestyle, which is the most important predictor of his or her happiness. In its turn, this exposes the erroneousness of the Study’s initial premise (if assessed through the lenses of the discourse of post-modernity) that oneâ €™s happiness should be discussed in terms of ‘achievement’, rather than in terms of a ‘continuous process’. It is even more inappropriate to presume (as the original Study does) that a person’s likelihood to achieve a financial prosperity is being reflective of what happened to be the particulars of his or her racial background/social status. Due to being utterly euro-centric, this premise is profoundly inconsistent with the spirit of cultural relativism, emanated by the process of American society becoming increasingly multicultural, on one hand, and progressively less fond of the neo-Liberal idea that the accumulation of material riches is the actual purpose of one’s life, on the other (Hilton 226). Yet, this represented the actual rationale behind the original Study’s methodological approach to selecting the would-be engaged participants: â€Å"Well-to-do (White) men don’t die early of malnutrition, infection, accident, or bad medical care, as happens much too often to poor†¦ These men had a high likelihood of long life† (Vaillant 10). In this respect, the proposed longitudinal study of UCLA Bruins will be much different – as opposed to what it is the case with the Grant Study, its ‘decathlon of success’ will be inherently holistic. That is, it will be concerned with measuring the participants’ ‘predictors of happiness’ in close conjunction with what appear to be the measurable aspects of their ability to function as the productive society members. After all, as it was pointed out earlier, there is now indeed a real reason to believe that in the post-industrial society one’s chances to attain happiness and to experience it on a prolonged basis, positively relate to his or her ability to remain on the path of a continual self-perfection – regardless of what happened to be the concerned person’s social status.Advertising Loo king for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The above-mentioned explains our rationale for applying adjustments to the original Study’s approach towards collecting the ‘intake’ data. The chief of them will be concerned with qualifying the predominantly non-White/socially-underprivileged UCLA students to participate in the Study. Such our proposal is dictated by the fact that, even though it is indeed more likely for the lifespan of White/well-off students to be longer than that of their non-White/socially underprivileged counterparts (something that formally makes the former better suited to participate in the longitudinal study), the fertility rate of Whites in the U.S. continues to decline (Ma 2285). In its turn, this significantly reduces the chances of White students to attain happiness through social integration. After all, one’s ability to contribute to the society’s ov erall well-being continues to be commonly assessed, in relation to what appears to be the measure of his or her eagerness to indulge in ‘baby-making’, as one of the most socially beneficial activities. The validity of this statement can be illustrated, in regards to the fact that the so-called ‘welfare states’ are dialectically predetermined to honor one’s talent in propagating the species – and, as we are well aware of, the building of such a state has been proclaimed the Government’s official goal (Sandel 11). Because the joys of parenthood are commonly regarded in terms of ‘happiness’, and because the ‘factor of happiness’ (in this respect) can be measured with ease (the more children – the more happiness), we propose that the outcome ‘low in psychological distress’ (in the original Study’s Decathlon of Flourishing) should be replaced with the result ‘the number of children f rom 25-year-old onwards’. The appropriateness of such a proposal on our part, can be confirmed even further, in regards to the well-known fact that it is specifically the innately lonely/introvertedly-minded (and therefore often childless) individuals, who are very likely to experience the sensation of psychological distress at some point in their lives, which leads towards depression and alcohol abuse. The original Study’s findings leave only a few doubts about it: â€Å"Men of white Anglo- Saxon Protestant (WASP) and Irish extractions had rates of alcohol abuse five times those of men of Italian extraction† (Valliant 290). To make the UCLA Study’s Decathlon of Flourishing even more discursively sound, its outcome of ‘included in Who’s Who in America’ should be replaced with the one that can be formulated as ‘the indications of the participant’s social advancement/self-perfection’. The logic behind this suggestion is as follows: the initial outcome is concerned with measuring the participants’ success in attaining the dominant social status. This, in turn, reflects the outcome’s close affiliation with the discourse of Euro-centrism/Darwinism, based on the assumption that the qualitative dynamics within a particular society are always concerned with the never-ending struggle of everybody against everybody for the ‘room under the Sun’ (Nelson 493). However, as it was implied earlier, this assumption has been long ago proven conceptually fallacious – all due to its acute lack of systemic soundness. The suggested outcome will assess the strength of the participants’ commitment to applying a continual effort towards becoming ‘better men’, on one hand, and evaluate their ability to derive an emotional pleasure (happiness) out of the process, on the other. The measurable variables, in this respect, can be concerned with the number of books that a particular participant manages to read throughout the set period, the number of professional degrees that he or she holds, and/or with the number of confirmed volunteer-activities, on this person’s part. Even though that the mentioned suggestions (as to how the UCLA longitudinal study could be improved) are far from being considered exhaustive, there is nevertheless a good reason to believe that while keeping them in mind, the study’s commissioners will be able to increase the objective value of the would-be obtained data. This should come as the consequence of the fact that, due to having incorporated these suggestions as its integral part, the study’s methodological apparatus will be much more likely to resonate with the discourse of post-modernity – just as it was hypothesized at the very beginning of this paper.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Triumphs of Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Hilton, Matthew. â€Å"The Death of a Consumer Society.† Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 18 (2008): 211-236. Print. Ma, Sai. â€Å"Paternal Race/Ethnicity And Birth Outcomes.† American Journal Of Public Health 98.12 (2008): 2285-2292. Print. Nelson, Richard. â€Å"Evolutionary Social Science and Universal Darwinism.† Journal of Evolutionary Economics 16.5 (2006): 491-510. Print. Sandel, Michael. â€Å"Obama and Civic Idealism.† Democracy.16 (2010): 9-14. Print. Uphoff, Norman and Anirudh Krishna. â€Å"Civil Society and Public Sector Institutions: More than a Zero-Sum Relationship.† Public Administration Development 24.4 (2004): 357-372. Print. Vaillant, George. Triumphs of Experience: The Men of the Harvard Grant Study, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012. Print. This essay on Triumphs of Experience was written and submitted by user Kingston I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

10 Modes of Modifiers

10 Modes of Modifiers 10 Modes of Modifiers 10 Modes of Modifiers By Mark Nichol A modifier is a sentence element a word or a phrase that provides details. Three types of modifiers exist: those that qualify by answering the question of how or under what conditions something occurs, those that set conditions or explain circumstances by answering the question of who, what, when, where, and why, and those that provide reasons or conclusions. Modifiers can also be classified into these categories: 1. Initial dependent clause: â€Å"Even though I was tired, I went for a walk.† 2. Initial infinitive phrase: â€Å"To calm down, I went for a walk.† 3. Initial adverb: â€Å"Immediately, I went for a walk.† 4. Initial participial phrase: â€Å"Trying to distract myself, I went for a walk.† 5. Mid-sentence appositive: â€Å"I, in an effort to calm down, went for a walk.† 6. Mid-sentence participial phrase: â€Å"I, trying to distract myself, went for a walk.† 7. Terminal present participial phrase: â€Å"I went for a walk, hoping to distract myself.† 8. Terminal past participial phrase: â€Å"I went for a walk, soothed by the breeze.† 9. Terminal resumptive phrase: â€Å"I went for a walk a walk that did me good.† 10. Terminal summative phrase: â€Å"I went for a walk, an activity that calmed me down and distracted me from my troubles.† And, for a bonus, employ a combination of phrases: â€Å"Even though I was tired, I, in an effort to distract myself, went for a walk, soothed by the breeze.† Thanks to this variety of ways to modify a sentence, writers need not be concerned about producing pedestrian prose. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:16 Substitutes for â€Å"Because† or â€Å"Because Of†What's a Male Mistress?Careful with Words Used as Noun and Verb

A History of the Oreo Cookie

A History of the Oreo Cookie Most of us have grown up with Oreo cookies. There are photos of us with chocolatey remnants smeared across our faces. Theyve caused great disputes as to the best way to eat them- dunking them in milk or twisting off one side and eating the middle first. Besides eating them plain, there are recipes galore on how to use Oreos in cakes, milkshakes, and additional desserts. At some festivals, you can even try deep-fried Oreos. Needless to say, Oreos have become part of the twentieth-century culture. While most of us have spent a lifetime cherishing Oreo cookies, many dont know that since their introduction in 1912, the Oreo cookie has become the best-selling cookie in the United States. Oreos Are Introduced In 1898, several baking companies merged to form the National Biscuit Company (Nabisco), the maker of Oreo cookies. By 1902, Nabisco created Barnums Animal cookies and made them famous by selling them in a little box designed like a cage with a string attached (to hang on Christmas trees). In 1912, Nabisco had a new idea for a cookie- two chocolate disks with a creme filling in between. The first Oreo cookie looked very similar to the Oreo cookie of today, with only a slight difference in the design of the chocolate disks. The current design, however, has been around since 1952. Nabisco made sure to file for a trademark on their new cookie on March 14, 1912, being granted registration number  0093009 on August 12, 1913. Changes The shape and design of the Oreo cookie didnt change much until Nabisco began selling various versions of the cookie. In 1975, Nabisco released their DOUBLE STUF Oreos. Nabisco continued to create variations: 1987 Fudge covered Oreos introduced1991 Halloween Oreos introduced1995 Christmas Oreos introduced The delicious interior filling was created by Nabiscos principal scientist,  Sam Porcello, who is often referred to as Mr. Oreo. Porcello is also responsible for creating chocolate-covered Oreos. The Mysterious Name When the cookie was first introduced in 1912, it appeared as an Oreo Biscuit, which changed in 1921 to Oreo Sandwich. There was another name change in 1937 to Oreo Creme Sandwich before the modern name was decided upon in 1974: Oreo Chocolate Sandwich Cookie. Despite the official name changes, most people have referred to the cookie simply as an Oreo. So where did the name Oreo come from? The people at Nabisco arent quite sure. Some believe that the cookies name was taken from the French word for gold, or (the main color on early Oreo packages). Others claim the name stemmed from the shape of a hill-shaped test version; thus naming the cookie in Greek for a mountain, oreo. Still, others believe the name is a combination of taking the re from cream and placing it between the two o-shapes  in chocolate- making o-re-o. And still, others believe that the cookie was named Oreo because it was short and easy to pronounce. No matter how it got named, over 362 billion Oreo cookies have been sold since it was first introduced in 1912, making it the best selling cookie of the 20th century.

Writing assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Writing assignment - Research Paper Example Due to the diverse nature of the country’s power, the president is not able to simply command in order to achieve his goals. Different levels of governments have different motivations and sources of power. Due to this, the president needs to be able to convince others that his goals are what are in their best interest. In politics, it is always common to note that even though the president desires an action to be committed does not mean that it will be done. He has to be able to coheres, negotiate and persuade people to act. The second important ingredient is professional reputation within the country and abroad. Presidential reputation is important as it determines how policy makers and other members in Washington view him. This reputation can be noticed by how the infrastructure of the government relies on him to carry out his duties. If a president has a good reputation, it is easy to smooth out negotiations to implement important policies. The final important ingredient is public prestige. Prestige generally denotes how the president is viewed by the public. Although the public is not directly involved in policy making, it is their view of the president that determines how various policies move throughout various levels of the government. The public’s confidence in the president affects how he is viewed by organizations and how these organizations accept his policies. Apart from these main ingredients, Neustadt also notes that a president should be able to think progressively. This will make sure that he decision he makes at a particular point in time will help him I the future. Applying these ingredients to President Obama, it can be noted that he is indeed a powerful president. The president has been able to pass several important policies and legistlation despite constant opposition from congressional Democrats and Republicans. He has been able to persuade these policies

Cancer Treatment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Cancer Treatment - Essay Example Sometimes this can be accomplished by surgery, but the tendency of cancers to invade adjacent tissue or to spread to distant sites by microscopic metastasis often limits its effectiveness. The success of chemotherapy is often limited by toxicity to other tissues in the body. Radiation can also cause damage to normal tissue. Identifying causes of cancer and developing strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatments and cure of it ,form the major objectives of cancer research. Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience (bench research) to the performance of clinical trials to guage and correlate applications of the various cancer treatment. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy, and combined treatment modalities such as chemo-radiotherapy. The attention in clinical cancer research has shifted towards therapies derived from biotechnology research, such as immunotherapy and gene therapy, since the 1990s. The effectiveness of the various different cures and treatments for cancer can be analysed individually. According to the American Cancer Society, surgery is the oldest form of cancer treatment. It also has an important role in diagnosing and finding the extent of cancer. Advances in surgical techniques have allowed surgeons to successfully operate on a growing number of patients. Today, less invasive operations often can be done to remove tumors while saving as much normal tissue and function as possible.Surgery offers the greatest chance for cure for many types of cancer, especially those that have not spread to other parts of the body. Most people with cancer will have some type of surgery. While different types of surgeries are performed in relation to cancer, it is curative surgery that is done to treat cancer primarily. Curative surgery is done when a tumor appears to be confined to one area and it is likely that all of the tumor can be removed. It may be used alone or along w ith chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which can be given before or after the operation. Sometimes radiation therapy is actually used during an operation. This is called intraoperative radiation therapy. The medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control cancer cells is called radiotherapy . Radiotherapy may be used for curative or adjuvant cancer treatment.Chemotherapy refers to the use of antineoplastic drugs to treat cancer. Tumors with high growth fractions (such as acute myelogenous leukemia and the aggressive lymphomas, including Hodgkin's disease) are more sensitive to chemotherapy as chemotherapy affects cell-division and also as a larger proportion of the targeted cells are undergoing cell division at any time. Malignancies with slower growth rates, such as indolent lymphomas do not respond as well to chemotherapy. According to Wikipedia,hormonal therapy is one of the major modalities of medical treatment for cancer. Hormonal therapy involves the engineering of the endocrine system

Pain assessment.

Pain assessment. CHAPTER-II REVIEW OF LITERATURE Review of literature is traditionally understood as a systematic and critical review of most important scholarly literature on a particular topic. According to Abdullah (1965) review of literature helps the researcher to analyze existing literature to generate research questions to identify what is known and not known about the topic and describe methods of inquiry used in earlier work, including their success and shortcoming. The purpose of review of literature involved in any research study is to become Knowledgeable in that field as much as possible this is the in depth search of the prior research. Research and non research literature were reviewed and organized under the following. Studies and literatures related to pain and pain assessment Studies and literatures related play distraction Techniques on Pain Studies and literatures related to Music distraction on Pain 1. Studies and literatures related to pain and pain assessment. Srouji R, et al., (2010) conducted a study on Pain assessment and non pharmacological management. He concluded that pain perception in children is complex, and is often difficult to assess. The distractions techniques are provided by nurses to manage pain in children is most effective when adapted to the developmental level of the child. Stinson J, et al., (2008) had done the systematic reviews on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non pharmacological management of acute procedure-related pain in children (n=1469) of one to 18 years. The reviewed findings suggested that distraction and hypnosis were effective for management of acute procedure-related pain in hospitalized children. Hockenberry and wilon et al., (2007) reported that brain perceives pain, there is a release of inhibitory neurotransmitters to hinder the transmission of pain and helps to produce on analgesic effect. This inhibition of the pain impulse is the fourth phase of the nociceptive process known as modulation. A protective reflex response also occurs with pain receptions. So while assessing pain intensity in children requires special techniques, therefore assessment requires using word such as owive, boo-boo. There are some unique tools available to measure pain intensity in children. Wongs (2007) stated that pain is often associated with fears, anxiety, and stress and non-pharmacological techniques, such as distraction, relaxation, guided imagery, and cutaneous stimulation provide coping strategies that may help reduce pain perception, make pain more tolerable, decrease anxiety, and enhance the effectiveness of analgesics. The strategies are safe, non invasive, and inexpensive, and most are independent nursing functions. The strategies that are appropriate for the childs age, pain intensity, interest, and abilities is often necessary to determine the most effective approach. Herr and. et.al., (2006) expressed that the child is unable to communicate the pain perception. So often the child requires special attention during assessment. Children who are developmentally delayed, 15 are psychotic, critically ill, dementia are examined with various pain behaviors assessment tools. Although it is important to understand that the pain is measured by using a pain-behavior scale. These tools identify the presence of pain, but not determine the intensity of pain. Joseph, Zeltzer, (2000) They state that there are three factors to assess pediatric pain: pain sensitivity, coping skills, and cognitive ability. Pain Sensitivity ascertained that pain sensitivity highly depends on childrens temperaments. Studies have shown that children with more pain-sensitive temperaments demonstrate increased reports of pain and anxiety during painful medical procedures. Significant differences in pediatric distress were found when those children received psychological interventions prior to the medical procedure. Their distress levels were significantly lower with the psychological intervention, which suggests that the interventions may benefit most children who are pain sensitive. Lara J. Spagrud.et.al (2003) conducted a study that suggested that the face pain scale revise, is a useful self report tool for assessing pain intensity in preschool and school age children who may not be able to use other pediatric self report pain measurement tools such as visual analog or numeric rating scales. Salantera S, Lauri S, Salmi TT, Aantaa R (1999) had done a survey on nursing activities and outcomes of care in the assessment, management, and documentation of childrens pain.(N=303) and retrospective chart review of 50 consecutive cases of operation of acute appendicitis was carried out. The results showed that nurses assess pain by observation of childs behavior and changes in physiology. The author suggested that development of pain assessment and documentation practices is needed in all settings. Cheryl. A. Gilbert et.al, (1999) conducted videotaped study to determinethe pain level based on facial expression to assess post operative pain in the age group of 13-74 months(N=48).Results demonstrated that face scale serve as a valid tool to assess persistent pain in young children. Carroll et.al., (1998) Reported that the degree of pain to which a child focuses attention can influence pain perception. Increased attention has been associated with increased pain response. So the nurses have to apply the various pain relief interventions such as distraction, relaxation, guided imaginary and massage. etc. MaiklerVE. (1991) conducted a study on effects of a skin refrigerant and age on the pain responses of infants receiving immunizations. The results showed that MANOVA revealed fewer distress behaviors following refrigerant spray and more complex, varied behavioral responses for older infants. The findings provide further evidence that infants perceive pain and that nursing interventions for pain reduction should be tested and extended to the very young. Rice L J. (1989) conducted a study on acute pain management in pediatric patients. Findings indicated that children often do not express pain in terms that are easily understood by adults. Distraction by parents or other factors may address the emotional component of pediatric pain. This review of acute pain management in children examines traditional practices as well as recent developments in acute pain management in infants and children. Schechter NL. (1985) conducted a study on pain control in children. He concluded that pain is not solely a fixed neurophysiologic response to a noxious stimulus but interaction of variables such as age, cognitive set, personality, ethnic background, and emotional state of the child. When approaching to pain in children, a high index of suspicion is necessary to determine the difficulty of verbalizing their discomfort. Play techniques are important in distraction from pain by nursing, medical, or child life personnel should be considered. Preparation of the child for procedures is often helpful as some of the fear of the unknown is eliminated. 2. Studies and literatures related play distraction Techniques Weiss KE, Dahlquist LM, Wohlheiter K. (2011) conducted a descriptive study on the effects of interactive and passive distraction on Cold Presser pain in Preschool-aged Children (N=60).Participants showed significantly higher pain tolerance during both interactive and passive distraction relative to baseline. They concluded that interactive and passive video game distraction appears to be effective for preschool-aged children during laboratory pain exposure. Uman LS, McMurtry CM (2009) had done the randomized control trial (N=1380) to examined the efficacy of seven psychological interventions like suggestion, breathing exercises, child directed distraction, parent-led distraction, nurse-led distraction on infants and children (1 month 11 years) for reducing pain and distress during routine childhood immunizations. The results showed that nurse-led distraction was effective in reducing distress (SMD, -0.40; 95% CI, -0.68 to -0.12; P = 0.005). The study findings suggested that combined cognitive-behavioral interventions, breathing exercises, child-directed distraction, nurse-led distraction, are effective in reducing the pain and distress associated immunizations. Miller K, et al., (2009) conducted a study on multimodal distraction to relieve pain in children undergoing acute medical procedures. They used hand held multimodal distraction device (MMD). Pain and anxiety scores were measured by Modified Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consol ability Scale, Faces Pain Scale-Revised, Visual Analogue Scale and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The study findings show MMD is more effective in reducing the pain and anxiety experienced by children in acute medical procedures. MMD is continuing to be trialed and is continuing to show positive clinical outcomes. Murphy G. (2009) had done a study on the effectiveness of distraction techniques for venepuncture. The findings show that distraction has been shown to reduce procedural distress in children. Further the study revealed that passive distraction is more effective than active distraction during venepuncture and that the effectiveness of a particular technique depends on the attention capacity of the child andtheir engagement in the distraction activity. Windich-BiermeierA (2007) had done a study on children and adolescents (N=50) ages 5 to 18, to evaluate the pain on distraction techniques during venipuncture by using self-selected distracters (i.e., bubbles, virtual reality glasses, or handheld video games, play toys) The design adopted for this study was intervention-comparison group design (n=28) and (n=22). The study participants demonstrated significantly less fear (P Cohen LL, et al., (2006) in their randomized control study on infants (n=136) (range=1-21 months; M=7.6 months, SD=5.0 months) and their parents to investigate the effectiveness of movie distraction in reducing immunization distress during their routine vaccinations. The behaviors were assessed by visual analog scale and a behavioral observation rating scale. The results indicated that parents and infants in the study group engaged in higher rates of distraction than experimental group both prior to and during recovery from the injection. The study findings suggested that a simple and practical distraction intervention can provide some distress relief to infants during routine injections. DAntonio IJ. (2006) conducted a study on use of therapeutic play in hospitals. He stated that play can be a tool to understand and intervene with pediatric patients. They develop a plan for purposeful play programs or play sessions with nurses who are clinical specialists, early childhood educators, and others who have expert knowledge of children and play equipment for the special needs of hospitalized children. For some children, hospitalization is a challenging experience that promotes a sense of competence and for others hospitalization is an experience that results in a negative outcome. Nurses can use play to provide pediatric patients with emotional and cognitive growth-promoting activities which facilitate a more positive hospital experience and long-term outcome. Cohen LL. (2002) had done the randomized trial (N=90) on reducing infant immunization distress through nurse directed distraction. Infants and their parents were randomly assigned to a distraction condition (i.e., nurses used stimuli to divert infants attention) or a typical care condition. The research outcome was measured by observational scale, parent and nurse ratings, and infant heart rate. Results indicated that infants engaged in distraction showed reduced behavioral distress. ThitipornUdomkittti(2001) investigated the effect of distraction on acute pain in infants. Results revealed that acute pain in infants who were distracted by a toy during receiving immunization had significantly lower mean of behavioral pain scores (p Sparks (2001) examined the effect of two forms of distraction on injection pain in a convenience sample of 105 preschool children. The results showed that both forms of distraction, bubble blower and touch, significantly reduced pain perceptions (P Bowen AM, (1999) had done the study to compare two brief, inexpensive distraction techniques for children receiving immunizations. Preschool children (n = 80) were assigned to a party blower intervention, a pinwheel intervention, or a control group. Nurses were instructed to use standard instructions for the control group, and to simply provide the distracter and encourage use, but not to spend time trying to train the child or force them to use it, for the other groups. Results of planned comparisons indicated significant party blower results in the childrens ratings of reduced distress (P Megal, Houser, Gleaves (1998) examined the effects of audio taped lullabies on physiological and behavioral distress and perceived pain among children during routine immunization. The samples were 99 healthy children age 3-6 years old. Half of them received the musical intervention during the immunization, while the other half did not. Children in each group were assessed pain and distress during five phases: baseline, pre immunization, during the immunization, after Band-Aid application, and 2 minutes after phase 4. Physiological methods included heart rate and blood pressure and self-report pain assessment by using the Oucher Scale were used to measure pain intensity. Besides, they were also assessed behavioral distress. Results indicated that no significant differences were found between experimental and control groups for heart rate, blood pressure, or Oucher scores. It may be possible that the reflective of the ages of children in the studies, 3-6 years, may not be able to focu s their attention on distraction devices. However, total distress scores of the experimental group were significantly less than the control group. French, Painter, Coury (1994) studied the effect of distraction technique on pain in preschool children receiving diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus immunization. The samples were 149 children aged 4 to 7 years old who received the injection, one with and one without taught to blow out air repeatedly during the injection, as if they were blowing bubbles. Although self-report measures by parents, children, and nurses were not different between control and experiment Conditions, children who were taught to blow out air repeatedly during the injection had significantly fewer pain behaviors (P 2.Studies and literatures related to Music distraction on Pain Balan R, (2009) had done the comparative study on Indian classical instrumental music and local anesthetic cream on children aged 5-12 yrs in terms of in reducing pain during venepuncture was conducted at a tertiary care center. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups: local anesthetic (LA), music or placebo (control) group. The study findings showed that, using EMLA or Indian classical instrumental music can be significantly reduced pain in children. The difference between VAS scores with LA and music is not always significant. Bufalini A. (2009) conducted a study on pediatric patients undergoing painful procedures (lumbar injection, bone marrow aspiration, and arterial catheter) to assess the role of interactive music. Data significance was accepted with values of P Evans S (2008) conducted a study on complementary and alternative medicine for acute procedural pain in children. He suggested that music therapy also has gained some attention and for the most part shows promise in the pediatric acute pain setting. Noguchi LK. (2006) had done the study on the effect of music versus non music on behavioral signs of distress and self-report of pain in pediatric injection patients. Music has been examined as a potential distraction during pediatric medical procedures, but research findings have been mixed, due, in part, to the fact that children were primarily instructed to merely listen to the music. (n=64) The children 4- to 6(1/2) -years receiving routine immunizations were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: musical story, spoken story, or standard care/control. Participants in the musical story condition tended to be less distressed and report less pain than participants in the other two conditions, although these differences were not statistically significant. Subsequent analysis indicated that children who received more injections tended to benefit more from the music intervention, in terms of their perceived pain. Loewy,J.V(1997) states that music distraction using live, familiar music with unusual instruments can be effective in capturing and holding the childs attention during painful procedure, such as needle punctures. Malone (1996) conducted a study that focused on studying the effects of live music on the distress of pediatric patients receiving venipunctures, intravenous starts, and heel sticks. The study results indicated that all age groups appear to benefit from the live music as an effective method of distraction. The patients that demonstrated the most significant difference were children under the age of one. The distraction techniques were less cognitively advanced than the music therapy approaches for older children; rather, they attempt to soothe and relax the infant in order to distract him from his surroundings. Fowler-Kerry S, (1987) Conducted the study to assess the value of two cognitive strategies (suggestion and music distraction) in reducing pain in children. Two hundred children, aged 4.5-6.5 years, receiving routine immunization injections were randomly assigned to one of the intervention groups in this factorial study. The groups were designated as: distraction, distraction with suggestion, suggestion and control. Subjects reported their pain using a 4-point pain scale. Distraction was found to significantly decrease pain whereas suggestion did not. The results of this study support the use of music distraction in the reduction of injection pain in children.